Volcanic Explosive Activity

The Purpose of this project to to visualize and possibly make correlations with the USGS complete Dataset of Significant Volcanic Eruption Data focusing on the VEI variable and environmental and atmospheric trends.

#Setup packages
library(tidyverse)
library(lubridate)

# Import Volcano Data to create dataframe.
vols_all <- read_tsv("vol_all.tsv")

VEI is the Volcanic Explosivity Index that measures the intensity of Volcanic Eruption. The index is represented by the numbers 1 through 8. Each increment represents an icrease that is a factor of 10 above the previous index range. It measures the amount of tefra removed by the eruption and the height of the gas plume above the eruption site.

Volcanic Explosive Activity

VEA is a measurement starting with the value of 1 and increasing by a factor of 10. This allows for calculating the total activity amount for an entire year.

# Process Dataset VEA Vocanic Explosive Activity
VEA <- df %>% 
  select(Year, VEI) %>%
  drop_na(VEI) %>%
  filter(VEI >= 1) %>%
  mutate(output = 10^(VEI - 1)) %>%
  mutate(output_vols = as.numeric(output)) %>%
  select(Year, output_vols, VEI) %>%
  group_by(Year) %>%
  summarise(total_VEA = sum(output_vols))

#Line Plot of VEA v Time
VEA %>% 
  ggplot(aes(Year, total_VEA))+
  geom_line() +
  labs(title = "Volcanic Explosive Activity for past 6000 Years", x = "Year", y = "Total Explosive Activity")

#Most Active Years
VEA %>%
  arrange(desc(total_VEA)) %>%
  head( n = 10)

## # A tibble: 10 × 2
##     Year total_VEA
##    <int>     <dbl>
##  1 -4350   1000000
##  2 -1610   1000000
##  3   946   1000000
##  4  1815   1000000
##  5  1991    110022
##  6  1902    103110
##  7  1660    103000
##  8  1883    101110
##  9  1580    101100
## 10  1912    100100

#Line Plot of Last Century
VEA %>%
  filter(Year >= 1923) %>%
  ggplot(aes(Year, total_VEA))+
  geom_line() +
  labs(title = "Volcanic Explosive Activity for This Century ", x = "Year", y = "Total Explosive Activity")

What Happened in 1991?

#What Happened in 1991?

VEA %>%
  filter(Year >= 1980,
  Year <= 1991)

## # A tibble: 11 × 2
##     Year total_VEA
##    <int>     <dbl>
##  1  1980     10100
##  2  1981       231
##  3  1982     31000
##  4  1983      1111
##  5  1984       200
##  6  1985       201
##  7  1986       220
##  8  1987       110
##  9  1988       400
## 10  1990      1330
## 11  1991    110022

df %>%
  filter(Year == 1991) %>%
  select(Year, Mo, Dy, Name, Country, VEI)

## # A tibble: 7 × 6
##    Year    Mo    Dy Name          Country       VEI
##   <int> <int> <int> <chr>         <chr>       <int>
## 1  1991     6     3 Unzendake     Japan           1
## 2  1991     6    15 Pinatubo      Philippines     6
## 3  1991     6    NA Mutnovsky     Russia         NA
## 4  1991     7     3 Karthala      Comoros         2
## 5  1991     8     8 Hudson, Cerro Chile           5
## 6  1991    10    24 Lokon-Empung  Indonesia       1
## 7  1991    12    14 Etna          Italy           2

VEA %>%
  filter(Year >= 1000) %>%
  ggplot(aes(Year, total_VEA)) +
  geom_smooth(se = FALSE) +
  labs(title = "Volcanic Explosive Activity Trends Since 1000 AD", x = "Year", y = "Total Explosive Activity")

## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula = 'y ~ x'